A Beginner's Guide to Geriatric Care Nursing: Compassionate Care for the Golden Years

Caring for our elderly population is more than a duty - it is a privilege. With the growing ageing population in the UK, the demand for skilled and compassionate geriatric nurses is at an all-time high. Whether you're a newly qualified nurse, a healthcare assistant stepping into a nursing role, or an overseas nurse preparing for NHS practice, this guide will provide you with the essential knowledge, skills, and confidence to begin your journey in geriatric care nursing.

Objective: This blog aims to educate, inspire, and support beginner nurses while aligning with NHS best practices and guidelines for high-quality elderly care.

What is Geriatric Care Nursing?

Geriatric nursing (also called elderly care or older adult nursing) is the specialised practice of caring for older adults, typically aged 65 and above. These patients often present with complex health conditions, including chronic diseases, cognitive impairments such as dementia, and frailty.

Nurses working in geriatric settings-such as nursing homes, care homes, community services, or hospital geriatric wards-must be skilled in:

• Person-centred care

• Communication and empathy

• Medication management

• End-of-life care

• Working with families and multidisciplinary teams

Why Geriatric Nursing is Important in the NHS

The NHS Long Term Plan highlights the importance of supporting people to age well. According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), by 2041, one in four people in the UK will be over 65.

The NHS promotes:

• Preventative care to reduce hospital admissions

• Integrated care systems to support older adults in the community

• Respectful, dignified care aligned with the NHS Constitution for England

Key Concepts Every Beginner Must Know

1. Person-Centred Approach

According to NICE guidelines (NG189), care should be centred on the individual needs, preferences, and values of the person. In practice:

• Address your patients by their preferred names

• Offer choices in care routines (e.g., timing of baths or meals)

• Consider cultural and spiritual values

2. Effective Communication

Many older adults may have hearing impairments, cognitive decline, or language barriers. Use:

• Simple, respectful language

• Visual aids or gestures if needed

• Active listening techniques

Tip: Always speak clearly and slowly, and give time for them to respond.

3. Common Conditions in Older Adults and Their Nursing Focus

As a beginner in geriatric care, it's essential to understand the most frequently encountered conditions and how to respond effectively:

Dementia / Alzheimer’s Disease

• Provide memory support through reminders, memory boards, or signage.

• Maintain consistent routines to reduce confusion.

• Ensure safety measures like bed rails, call bells, and monitoring wandering behavior.

Arthritis

• Focus on pain management using prescribed analgesics and non-pharmacological techniques.

• Encourage use of mobility aids (like walkers or canes).

• Recommend assistive devices to promote independence with daily tasks.

Incontinence

• Implement regular toileting schedules to prevent accidents.

• Use continence products with dignity and comfort in mind.

• Maintain skin integrity by preventing moisture-associated skin damage.

Falls and Frailty

• Perform regular falls risk assessments (e.g., FRAT - Falls Risk Assessment Tool).

• Keep the environment safe - clear walkways, good lighting, and non-slip footwear.

• Encourage gentle physiotherapy or exercise if appropriate.

Malnutrition

• Conduct nutritional screening using tools like the MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool).

• Monitor daily intake using food and fluid charts.

• Collaborate with a dietitian for tailored nutrition plans.
  

4. Safe Medication Administration

Older adults often have polypharmacy - multiple prescriptions. Follow NMC Code (2018) and NHS guidelines:

• Check for drug interactions

• Monitor for side effects

• Encourage adherence using dosette boxes if appropriate

Tools: Refer to BNF for Older People and STOPP/START criteria for medication review.

5. Safeguarding and Dignity

Always uphold the Dignity in Care campaign values:

• Respect privacy

• Promote independence

• Challenge poor practice

Be vigilant for signs of abuse or neglect - physical, emotional, financial, or institutional - and follow your organisation’s Adult Safeguarding Policy.

Core Skills for Geriatric Nurses

• Manual Handling: Proper technique to avoid injury for both patient and nurse.

• Pressure Area Care: Use of Waterlow Score to assess and prevent pressure ulcers.

• Continence Management: Use of appropriate pads, toileting schedules, and bladder diaries.

• Nutrition Monitoring: Recording fluid and food intake charts and escalating concerns early.

Working with Families & MDT

Family members often play a crucial role in elderly care. Maintain open communication, involve them in care planning, and listen to concerns.

Also, collaborate with:

• GPs

• Physiotherapists

• Occupational Therapists

• Social Workers

• Dietitians

Follow the NHS Integrated Care Systems (ICS) model for multidisciplinary collaboration.

Realistic Challenges and Tips

Common Challenges:

• Time pressures and staff shortages

• Emotional toll of end-of-life care

• Balancing autonomy vs. safety

Practical Tips:

• Always document clearly (according to NHS Digital and local policy)
• Build rapport with patients - it builds trust
• Take breaks and seek support to prevent burnout
• Stay updated with eLearning for Health (e-LfH) modules

Final Thoughts

Starting your journey in geriatric nursing is both a challenge and a calling. You are not just caring for medical conditions - you are caring for a life lived, a story told, and a person who deserves compassion, dignity, and respect.

Let us all commit to raising the standard of care for our elderly - not just meeting expectations, but exceeding them.

“To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honours.” - Tia Walker

Useful References and Resources

1. NICE Guidelines 

2. NHS England - Ageing Well Strategy 

3. RCN (Royal College of Nursing) Older People’s Care Resources 

4. NMC Code of Conduct (2018)

5. e-Learning for Healthcare - NHS Online Modules